Cyber Security Glossary
Find definitions for IT security and compliance in our online glossary of key terms, acronyms, and vocabulary.
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TermDefinition
- Data Breach Definition: The unauthorized movement or disclosure of sensitive information to a party, usually outside the organization, that is not authorized to have or see the information. Related Term(s): data loss, data theft, exfiltration
- data cleaning"Data Cleaning is the process of identifying, correcting, or removing inaccurate or corrupt data records"
- data control"management oversight of information policies for an organization’s information; observing and reporting on how processes are working and managing issues."
- data dredging"A statistical bias in which testing huge numbers of hypotheses of a dataset may appear to yield statistical significance even when the results are statistically nonsignificant."
- data drift"The change in model input data that leads to model performance degradation."
- data-driven"Data-driven decision making (DDD) refers to the practice of basing decisions on the analysis of data rather than purely on intuition."
- data fabric"A data corpus, after the application of semantic mapping, relevant ontologies, and data seeding sufficient for artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning algorithms to provide meaningful insight, prediction, and/or prescription."
- Data File See File
- data fusion"A process in which data, generated by multiple sensory sources, is integrated and/or correlated to create information, knowledge, and/or intelligence that may be displayed for user or be actionable to accomplish the tasks."
- data governance"A set of processes that ensures that data assets are formally managed throughout the enterprise. A data governance model establishes authority and management and decision making parameters related to the data produced or managed by the enterprise."
- Data Integrity Definition: The property that data is complete, intact, and trusted and has not been modified or destroyed in an unauthorized or accidental manner. Related Term(s): integrity, system integrity
- Data Loss Definition: The result of unintentionally or accidentally deleting data, forgetting where it is stored, or exposure to an unauthorized party. Related Term(s): data leakage, data theft
- Data Loss Prevention Definition: A set of procedures and mechanisms to stop sensitive data from leaving a security boundary. Related Term(s): data loss, data theft, data leak
- Data Mining Definition: The process or techniques used to analyze large sets of existing information to discover previously unrevealed patterns or correlations. Related Term(s): data aggregation
- data point"a discrete unit of information."
- data poisoning"Machine learning systems trained on user-provided data are susceptible to data poisoning attacks, whereby malicious users inject false training data with the aim ofcorrupting the learned model"
- data preparation"We define data preparation as the set of preprocessing operations performed in early stages of a data processing pipeline, i.e., data transformations at the structural and syntactical levels"
- data proxy"Data that are closely related to and serve in place of data that are either unobservable or immeasurable."
- data quality"degree to which the characteristics of data satisfy stated and implied needs when used under specified conditions"
- data science"The field that combines domain expertise, programming skills, and knowledge of mathematics and statistics to extract meaningful insights from data."
- data scientist"A practitioner who has sufficient knowledge in the overlapping regimes of business needs, domain knowledge, analytical skills, and software and systems engineering to manage the end-to-end data processes in the analytics life cycle."
- data seeding"The intentional introduction of initial state conditions, influencing factors, and outcomes (both successful and unsuccessful) in a data fabric to create sufficient machine learning analysis signals to enable encouragement/discouragement to enrich deterministic relationships between data(...)
- Data Theft Definition: The deliberate or intentional act of stealing of information. Related Term(s): data aggregation, data leakage, data loss
- data wrangling"process by which the data required by an application is identified, extracted, cleaned and integrated, to yield a data set that is suitable for exploration and analysis."
- De-Duplication De-Duplication (“De-Duping”) is the process of comparing electronic records based on their characteristics and removing duplicate records from the data set.