Cyber Security Glossary

Find definitions for IT security and compliance in our online glossary of key terms, acronyms, and vocabulary.

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  • Term
    Definition
  • "A general term that includes developers or manufacturers of systems, system components, or system services; systems integrators; vendors; and product resellers. Development of systems, components, or services can occur internally within organizations or through external entities."
  • "Insights, reporting, and information answering the question, “Why did something happen?” Diagnostic analytics determines information useful to understanding the cause(s) of an event(s)."
  • "Pertaining to the detection and isolation of faults or failures"
  • "Differential privacy is a method for measuring how much information the output of a computation reveals about an individual. It is based on the randomised injection of "noise". Noise is a random alteration of data in a dataset so that values such as direct or indirect identifiers of(...)
  • "Differential validity states that the validities in two applicant populations are unequal, that is, pi != pa."
  • Storing information as a string of digits – namely “1”s and “0”s. 
  • Information stored or transmitted in binary form that may be relied upon in court.
  • Definition: The processes and specialized techniques for gathering, retaining, and analyzing system-related data (digital evidence) for investigative purposes.Synonym(s): computer forensics, forensics
  • "Digital automation of information technology systems and/or business processes that successfully delivers work output previously performed by human labor or new work output that would typically or alternatively have been performed by human labor."
  • Definition: A form of access control technology to protect and manage use of digital content or devices in accordance with the content or device provider's intentions.
  • Definition: A value computed with a cryptographic process using a private key and then appended to a data object, thereby digitally signing the data.Related Term(s): electronic signature
  • "The collective suite of automation technologies delivering existing or new work output as applied in a business; the manifestation of digital labor."
  • "The dimension of an object is a topological measure of the size of its covering properties. Roughly speaking, it is the number of coordinates needed to specify a point on the object."
  • "Dimensionality reduction is the process of taking data in a high dimensional space and mapping it into a new space whose dimensionality is much smaller"
  • It may be a floppy disk, or it may be a hard disk. Either way, it is a magnetic storage medium on which data is digitally stored. A disc may also refer to a CD-ROM.  Distributed Data: Distributed data is that information belonging to an organization which resides on portable media and(...)
  • "Disadvantageous treatment of a person based on belonging to a category rather than on individual merit."
  • "Facially neutral practices that might nevertheless have an unjustified adverse impact on members of a protected class."
  • "Intentional discrimination, including (i) decisions explicitly based on protected characteristics; and (ii) intentional discrimination via proxy variables (e.g literacy tests for voting eligibility)."
  • Definition: An event which causes unplanned interruption in operations or functions for an unacceptable length of time.
  • Definition: A denial of service technique that uses numerous systems to perform the attack simultaneously. Related Term(s): denial of service, botnet
  • "Optimizing the predictive accuracy for a whole class of distributions instead of just a single target distribution."
  • "Diversity refers to anything that sets one individual apart from another, including the full spectrum of human demographic differences as well as the different ideas, backgrounds, and opinions people bring."
  • Fed. R. Civ. P. 34(a) defines a document as “including writings, drawings, graphs, charts, photographs, phonorecords, and other data compilations.” In the electronic discovery world, a document also refers to a collection of pages representing an electronic file. E-mails, attachments,(...)
  • "Collection of documents on a given subject; written or pictorial information describing, defining, specifying, reporting, or certifying activities, requirements, procedures, or results."
  • "Distinct scope, within which common characteristics are exhibited, common rules observed, and over which a distribution transparency is preserved."