Cyber Security Glossary

Find definitions for IT security and compliance in our online glossary of key terms, acronyms, and vocabulary.

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  • Term
    Definition
  • "Reliability refers to the closeness of the initial estimated value(s) to the subsequent estimated values."
  • "The process of treating data by cleaning, organizing, and migrating it to a safe and secure environment for optimized usage is called data remediation. Generally [understood] as a process involving deleting unnecessary or unused data. However, the actual process . . . is very detailed and(...)
  • Digital media such as floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, cartridges, tapes or removable media cards (small-sized data storage media typically found in cameras, PDAs or music players) that store data and can be easily removed. 
  • Repository for Electronic Records is a direct access device on which the electronic records and associated metadata are stored. Sometimes called a “records store,” “online repository” or “records archive.”
  • ""
  • "Closeness of the agreement between the results of measurements of the same measurand carried out under changed conditions of measurement."
  • "something essential to the existence or occurrence of something else : CONDITION"
  • "Residuals are differences between the one-step-predicted output from the model and the measured output from the validation data set. Thus, residuals represent the portion of the validation data not explained by the model."
  • "a powerful [statistical] tool to detect the problems associated with the violation of the ANOVA [analysis of variance] assumptions."
  • Also called "recoverable files." Residual Data (sometimes referred to as “Ambient Data”) refers to data that is not active on a computer system. Residual data includes (1) data found on media free space; (2) data found in file slack space; and (3) data within files that has functionally been(...)
  • Definition: The ability to adapt to changing conditions and prepare for, withstand, and rapidly recover from disruption.
  • Definition: The activities that address the short-term, direct effects of an incident and may also support short-term recovery.Related Term(s): recovery
  • "An AI system that aligns development and behavior to goals and values. This includes developing and fielding AI technology in a manner that is consistent with democratic values."
  • To transfer data from a backup medium (such as tapes) to an on-line system, often for the purpose of recovery from a problem, failure, or disaster. Restoration of archival media is the transfer of data from an archival store to an on-line system for the purposes of processing (such as query,(...)
  • "The consequential outcome of completing a process."
  • "refers to the amount of information that is stored long-term, and can be measured in volume (the size of the total collected logs in bytes) and time (the number of months or years that logs are stored for)."
  • Definition: The potential for an unwanted or adverse outcome resulting from an incident, event, or occurrence, as determined by the likelihood that a particular threat will exploit a particular vulnerability, with the associated consequences.
  • Definition: The systematic examination of the components and characteristics of risk.Related Term(s): risk assessment, risk
  • Definition: The product or process which collects information and assigns values to risks for the purpose of informing priorities, developing or comparing courses of action, and informing decision making.Related Term(s): risk analysis, risk
  • Definition: A structured approach to managing risks to data and information by which an organization selects and applies appropriate security controls in compliance with policy and commensurate with the sensitivity and value of the data.
  • "mechanisms at the design, implementation, and evaluation stages [that can be taken] into consideration when developing responsible AI for organizations that includes security risks (cyber intrusion risks, privacy risks, and open source software risk), economic risks (e.g., job displacement(...)
  • Definition: The process of identifying, analyzing, assessing, and communicating risk and accepting, avoiding, transferring or controlling it to an acceptable level considering associated costs and benefits of any actions taken. Includes: 1) conducting a risk assessment; 2) implementing(...)
  • "when evaluating the desired level of explainability[, h]igh-risk models are worthy of deeper consideration: models with an elevated level of risk and/or models which are related to decisions about individuals (especially decisions which can be impactful), to privacy, to potential(...)
  • "Risk tolerance refers to the organization’s or AI actor’s ... readiness to bear the risk in order to achieve its objectives. Risk tolerance can be influenced by legal or regulatory requirements."
  • "The computer application that makes available to a human operator a suite of predefined activity choreography to complete the execution of processes, activities, transactions, and tasks in one or more unrelated software systems to deliver a result or service in the course of human-initiated(...)